Emerging Technologies and Security
Quantum Computing
Quantum computing and its impact on cryptography.
- 7 notes
- 57 minutes of reading
- Quantum computing basics: qubits, superposition and entanglementA plain-language introduction to quantum computing: what qubits are, what superposition, entanglement and interference mean, why quantum computers are hard to build, and what they can and cannot do. 8 min · Beginner
- The quantum threat to cryptography: Shor's and Grover's algorithmsHow a large quantum computer would affect today's cryptography: why Shor's algorithm breaks RSA and elliptic curve cryptography, why Grover's algorithm only weakens symmetric ciphers, and which systems are most exposed. 8 min · Intermediate
- Post-quantum cryptography: NIST FIPS 203, 204 and 205What post-quantum cryptography is, the NIST standards FIPS 203 (ML-KEM), FIPS 204 (ML-DSA) and FIPS 205 (SLH-DSA), how they differ from RSA and ECC in practice, and how hybrid key exchange is being deployed. 9 min · Intermediate
- Harvest now, decrypt later: the quantum risk that exists todayWhat the harvest now, decrypt later threat is, why it makes quantum risk a present-day issue, how to judge which data is exposed using Mosca's inequality, and the steps that reduce the risk now. 7 min · Intermediate
- Preparing for post-quantum migration and crypto agilityA practical guide to planning a move to post-quantum cryptography: governance, building a cryptographic inventory, prioritising systems, testing hybrid modes, working with vendors and designing for crypto agility. 9 min · Advanced
- Quantum key distribution: how it works and where it fitsHow quantum key distribution uses the physics of photons to detect eavesdropping, the BB84 idea in outline, its practical limits such as distance, trusted nodes and authentication, and how it compares with post-quantum cryptography. 8 min · Advanced
- Where quantum computing may help, and where it will notA balanced look at the problems quantum computers might solve better than classical ones, such as simulating molecules and breaking public-key cryptography, the areas that remain uncertain, and why error correction matters. 8 min · Beginner